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Study of Chinese Learners' Pedagogical Choices in Korean<br><br>CLKs' understanding and ability to make use of relational affordances as well as learner-internal elements, were important. The RIs from TS and ZL for instance mentioned their local professor relationship as a major factor in their pragmatic decision to avoid criticising a strict prof (see examples 2).<br><br>This article reviews all local published pragmatic research on Korean up to 2020. It focuses on practical important topics such as:<br><br>Discourse Construction Tests<br><br>The test for discourse completion is a popular instrument in pragmatic research. It has numerous advantages, but also some disadvantages. For example, the DCT is unable to account for cultural and individual differences in communication. The DCT can also be biased and lead to overgeneralizations. It is essential to analyze it carefully before it is used in research or assessment.<br><br>Despite its limitations, the DCT is a useful instrument to study the connection between prosody, information structure and non-native speakers. Its ability to use two or more stages to manipulate social variables related to politeness can be a strength. This ability can aid researchers to study the role played by prosody in communicating across cultural contexts, a key issue in cross-cultural pragmatics.<br><br>In the field of linguistics the DCT is now one of the most important instruments for analyzing learners' communication behaviors. It can be used to investigate various issues, including politeness, turn-taking, and the use of lexical terms. It can also be used to determine the phonological complexity of learners' speech.<br><br>A recent study utilized the DCT to test EFL students' ability to resist. Participants were presented with an array of scenarios and required to choose a suitable response from the choices provided. The researchers discovered that the DCT to be more efficient than other methods of refusal like the use of a questionnaire or video recordings. However, they cautioned that the DCT should be used with caution and include other methods for collecting data.<br><br>DCTs are often designed with specific linguistic criteria in mind, like the content and the form. These criteria are intuitive and is based on the assumptions made by the test developers. They are not always exact and could be misleading in describing how ELF learners actually reject requests in real-world interactions. This issue requires more investigation into alternative methods of measuring refusal competence.<br><br>A recent study compared DCT responses to requests submitted by students through email with those gathered from an oral DCT. The results revealed that the DCT encouraged more direct and conventionally form-based requests and made a less frequent use of hints than email data did.<br><br>Metapragmatic Questionnaires (MQs)<br><br>This study explored Chinese learners' choices when it comes to using Korean through a variety of experimental tools, including Discourse Completion Tasks (DCTs) Metapragmatic Questionnaires, Refusal Interviews (RIs). The participants were 46 CLKs of upper-intermediate who participated in MQs, DCTs, and RIs. They were also asked to provide reflections on their assessments and refusals in RIs. The results revealed that CLKs frequently chose to resist native Korean pragmatic norms, and their decisions were influenced by four main factors: their identities, their multilingual identities, their ongoing life histories, and relationship benefits. These findings have pedagogical implications for L2 Korean assessment.<br><br>The MQ data was analyzed in order to identify the participants' practical choices. The data were classified according to Ishihara (2010)'s definition of pragmatic resistance. Then, we compared their choices with their linguistic performance on DCTs in order to determine if they were a sign of pragmatic resistance. In addition, the interviewees were asked to justify their decision to use pragmatic language in a given scenario.<br><br>The results of the MQs, DCTs and z-tests were analyzed with descriptive statistics and z tests. It was found that CLKs frequently used phrases like "sorry" and "thank you." This is likely due to their lack of familiarity with the target language, which led to a lack of knowledge of korea pragmatic norms. The results showed that CLKs' preferences for either converging to L1 or diverging from both L1 and L2 pragmatic norms differed based on the DCT situations. In the scenarios 3 and 12 CLKs preferred diverging from both L1pragmatic norms and L2 norms, while in Situation 14 CLKs preferred a convergence to L1 norms.<br><br>The RIs further revealed that the CLKs were aware of their own pragmatism in each DCT situation. The RIs were conducted one-to-one basis within a period of two days of participants completing the MQs. The RIs were transcribed and recorded by two coders who were independent who then coded them. The coding process was iterative by the coders, re-reading and discussing each transcript. The results of the coding process were evaluated against the original RI transcripts,  [https://bookmarkfavors.com/story3523567/what-s-holding-back-this-pragmatic-official-website-industry 라이브 카지노] which gave an indication of how the RIs were able to capture the fundamental behaviors.<br><br>Refusal Interviews (RIs)<br><br>A key question of pragmatic research is why learners decide to rescind the pragmatic norms of native speakers. Recent research sought to answer this question with several experimental tools,  [https://bookmarkcitizen.com/story18115575/20-resources-that-ll-make-you-more-efficient-with-pragmatic-free 프라그마틱 정품인증] including DCTs MQs and RIs. Participants included 46 CLKs and 44 CNSs from five Korean Universities. They were asked to complete the DCTs in their native language and complete the MQs either in their L1 or their L2. They were then invited to an RI,  [https://ledbookmark.com/story3624479/where-will-how-to-check-the-authenticity-of-pragmatic-be-1-year-from-now 프라그마틱 무료게임] where they were asked to reflect on and discuss their responses to each DCT situation.<br><br>The results showed that CLKs, on average,  [https://bookmarkblast.com/story18118049/10-things-we-love-about-pragmatic-slots-experience 프라그마틱 무료체험] did not adhere to the pragmatic norms of native speakers in more than 40 percent of their responses. They did this even when they could produce patterns that were similar to native speakers. They were aware of their practical resistance. They attributed their choice to learner-internal factors such as their personality and multilingual identities. They also referred to external factors, such as relational benefits. They also discussed, for instance how their relations with their professors enabled them to perform better in terms of the cultural and  [https://sparxsocial.com/story8315363/7-easy-tips-for-totally-rolling-with-your-pragmatic-game 프라그마틱 정품] linguistic standards of their university.<br><br>The interviewees expressed concerns about the social pressures or consequences they could be subject to in the event that their local social norms were not followed. They were concerned that their native interlocutors might perceive them as "foreignersand believe that they are incompetent. This concern was similar to the concerns expressed by Brown (2013) and Ishihara (2009).<br><br>These results suggest that native-speaker pragmatic norms are no longer the default preference of Korean learners. They may still be useful for official Korean proficiency tests. But it would be prudent for future researchers to revisit their applicability in specific situations and in various contexts. This will enable them to better understand how different cultural environments can affect the pragmatic behavior of L2 students in the classroom and beyond. This will also aid educators create better methods for teaching and testing Korean pragmatics. Seukhoon Paul Choi is principal advisor to Stratways Group, a geopolitical risk consulting firm based in Seoul.<br><br>Case Studies<br><br>The case study method is a research method that employs intensive, participant-centered research to study a specific subject. It is a method that utilizes numerous sources of data to back up the findings, such as interviews and observations, documents, and artifacts. This kind of research is useful for examining unique or complex subjects which are difficult to assess with other methods.<br><br>In a case study, the first step is to clearly define the subject and the purpose of the study. This will help determine what aspects of the subject matter are crucial for investigation and which ones can be omitted. It is also useful to review the existing literature to gain a better understanding of the subject and place the case in a wider theoretical context.<br><br>This case study was built on an open-source platform, the KMMLU Leaderboard [50], as well as its Korean-specific benchmarks HyperCLOVA X and LDCC Solar (figure 1 below). The results of this study showed that L2 Korean learners were extremely dependent on the influence of native models. They were more likely to choose incorrect answer options that were literal interpretations of the prompts, deviating from accurate pragmatic inference. They also showed a strong tendency to include their own text or "garbage" to their responses. This further reduced the quality of their responses.<br><br>The participants in this study were all L2 Korean students who had achieved the level of four in the Test of Proficiency in Korean TOPIK in their third or second university year and were aiming to attain level six on their next attempt. They were asked to respond to questions about their WTC/SPCC as well as comprehension and pragmatic awareness.<br><br>The interviewees were presented with two situations, each involving an imaginary interaction with their interactants and were asked to choose one of the following strategies to employ when making a request. The interviewees were asked to justify their decision. Most of the participants attributed their rational opposition to their personalities. For example, TS claimed that she was difficult to talk to, and so she was reluctant to inquire about the well-being of her friend with a heavy workload despite the fact that she believed that native Koreans would do so.